ABSTRACT
Extrinsic and Intrinsic motivation encourages pupils to be interested in learning different disciplines. This study was conducted to determine the level of motivation of the learners and their academic performance in Balingasag Central District for the School Year 2022-2023. Specifically sought to: 1.) find the respondents’ level of motivation in terms of extrinsic and intrinsic; 2.) find the level of learners’ academic performance of the 5 learning areas; and 3) determine the relationship between the respondents’ motivation and their academic performance. The researcher used Descriptive Survey Method of research. The respondents were the one hundred fifty-two Grade 6 learners in the schools where the study was conducted. The questionnaire was adapted from Deci and Ryan and from Larry-Vandergrift (2005) but the indicators were researcher-made to suit the characteristics of the respondents. The analysis and interpretation of the gathered data were carried out using the following Descriptive Statistical Measures: frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation to describe the variables in the study. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was used to determine the significant relationship between the learners’ motivation and their academic performance.
The findings showed that the respondents’ level of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation is low. However, the learners’ level of academic performance in English, Mathematics, Science, Filipino, Araling Panlipunan in the 1st and 2nd Grading Periods is very satisfactory. There is no significant relationship between the respondents’ level of extrinsic motivation and their academic performance except on introjected regulation. Further, there is no significant relationship between the respondents’ level of intrinsic motivation and their academic performance except on responsibility. It is recommended that teachers and parents should help learners internalize and assimilates the reasons behind every action that they do especially in terms of their performance inside the classroom. Moreover, the learners need to be appreciated and recognized in every achievement that they have, either big or small.
Keywords: Motivation, Extrinsic, Intrinsic, Academic Performance
INTRODUCTION
Extrinsic and Intrinsic motivation achievement is very much essential to learning. They play a significant role in learning, for they motivate individuals to take action in order to achieve a goal. Academic achievement depends on the students’ learning at school in all subject areas at a grade level. It is observed that school learners showed little interest in learning a particular task because they do not feel motivated. With this, extrinsic and intrinsic motivation can be used to stimulate the interest of the learners. Teachers and parents play a major role in motivation, which leads to students’ educational success. If pupils lose their interest in learning, they need more extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.
Globally, there has been an increasing concern in the education sector on how to ensure that students learn optimally at school and achieve academic excellence in their academic pursuits (Adamma et al. 2018). Moreover, Steinmayr, R., Weidinger, A. F., Schwinger, M., and Spinath, B. (2019), revealed that achievement motivation is not a single construct but rather subsumes a variety of different constructs like the ability of self-concepts, task values, goals and achievement motives. It is the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors (Steinmayr et al., 2019). Students can only be motivated by making them desire to do something, especially an activity that calls for hard work and effort (Hajhashemi, Shakarami, & Caltabiano, 2017). The pupil’s motivation will be transformed by having the classroom setting transformed into a room where pupils can be inspired to learn the lessons.
There are two main types of motivation which are described as being either extrinsic or intrinsic. External motivation is observable from an external perspective and primarily encompasses external incentives like social acknowledgment or compliments. While intrinsic motivation is internal and can be visible from within the individual, such as doing a simple job or an activity purely for the gratification of finishing a successful activity. An example of intrinsic motivation would be reading a book because you enjoy reading and have an interest in the story or subject, rather than reading because you have to write a report on it to pass in a class (Cherry, 2022).
Moreover, (Cherry,2022) pointed out that extrinsic motivation refers to behavior that is driven by external rewards. These rewards may take the form of concrete assets like money or grades, as well as less tangible forms such as compliments or fame. Unlike intrinsic motivation, which originates from within a person, extrinsic motivation exclusively centers on external incentives. Individuals driven by extrinsic motivation will persist in performing a task, even if the task itself lacks inherent gratification.
Intrinsic motivation is believed to be the most powerful form of motivation, according to Fabien (2015). It is an act of doing something without expecting in return. Along with satisfying these underlying psychological needs, intrinsic motivation also involves seeking out and engaging in activities that we find challenging, interesting, and internally rewarding without the prospect of any external reward (Longhurst, 2019).
Further, (Rochaun, 2017) stated that extrinsic motivation is reward-driven behavior. These rewards and other incentives, such as praise and recognition, serve as motivational tools for particular activities. In contrast to intrinsic motivation, external factors play a pivotal role in driving this type of motivation. Extrinsic motivation does not have tangible rewards all the time. It can be done without expressing it publicly but through rewards, like praise and recognition. Moreover, they pointed out that extrinsic motivation is the use of external rewards (outside ourselves) to encourage certain behavior. It can be punishments or rewards. They rely on things that are outside of themselves to stay motivated.
Thus, both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation are fundamental drivers of human behavior and play crucial roles in various aspects of life, including education, work, and personal pursuits. Extrinsic motivation involves engaging in activities for external rewards or to avoid punishment, such as working for a salary or studying for good grades. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation refers to performing tasks for the inherent satisfaction and enjoyment derived from the activity itself, like pursuing hobbies or engaging in creative endeavors. Understanding the dynamics of both types of motivation is essential for optimizing performance, fostering well-being, and promoting long-term commitment to tasks and goals. In this context, this study is conceptualized to determine the level of motivation on learners’ academic achievement in Balingasag Central District, Division of Misamis Oriental, School Year 2022-2023.
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