This study identified the level of effectiveness of instructional materials used in multigrade teaching in Lopez West and Lopez East District, SY 2018-2019. Also, this study answered the following research problems: the instructional materials utilized by multigrade teachers, how these instructional materials are acquired, level of effectiveness of instructional materials used in multigrade teaching as perceived by school heads and multigrade teachers in terms of appropriateness, authenticity, meaningfulness, cost-effectiveness, and breadth, significant difference between the perception of school heads and multigrade teachers of Lopez East and Lopez West Districts on the level of effectiveness of instructional materials used in multigrade teaching, and policy recommendations can be developed out of the gathered data.
The researcher employed the descriptive-evaluative-inferential method of research. There are one hundred hundred (120) respondents identified. In the analysis of the data, the researcher used the following statistical tools: Frequency count, percentage, ranking, weighted mean, and Wilcoxon Mann Whitney U Test. The level of significance was set to 0.50.
Keywords: instructional materials, multigrade teaching, teachers, school heads
Findings:
The findings derived from the study were:
1. As perceived by the school heads, the instructional materials utilized by the multigrade teachers is interpreted as Much Utilized with the following results gathered in descending order: Digital Materials (4.09), Printed Materials (3.90), Actual Output (3.56) and Audio-Materials (1.87).
As perceived by the teachers, the instructional materials utilized by the multigrade teachers is interpreted as Much Utilized with the following results gathered in descending order: Printed Materials (4.41), Digital Materials (3.90), Actual Output (3.54) and Audio-Materials (1.81).
2. The following indicators were ranked in descending order as perceived by the school heads: Printed Materials (100%) and Digital Materials (48.4%) were supplies as perceived by school heads; Audio Materials (100%), Digital Materials (100%), Printed Materials (62.5%), Actual Output (12.5%) were purchased by as perceived by school heads; Actual Output (94.7%) and Printed Materials (89.6%) were teacher-made as perceived by school heads.
The following indicators were ranked in descending order as perceived by the teachers: Printed Materials(100%)and Digital Materials (75%)were supplies as perceived by school heads; Audio Materials (100%), Digital Materials(100%), Printed Materials (83.7%), Actual Output (29.1%) were purchased by as perceived by teachers; Actual Output (94.7%)and Printed Materials (85.6%) were teacher-made as perceived by teachers. School heads and teachers of both districts have the same perception that instructional materials were purchased by teachers.
3. From the school head perception, the given result was Much Effective in all the indicators on the level of effectiveness of instructional materials used in multigrade teaching as perceived by school heads and multigrade teachers. For such, Appropriateness (4.47), Cost-Effectiveness (4.34), Meaningfulness (4.31), and Authenticity (4.24).
The teachers pointed out the on the level of effectiveness of instructional materials used in multigrade teaching is also Much Effective in most of the indicators. For such, Appropriateness (4.69), Cost-Effectiveness (4.32), Authenticity (4.30), and Meaningfulness (4.29).
4. As perceived by teachers and school heads of Lopez West District, the computed U-value of for Appropriateness is 6.50, Authenticity is 27.0, Meaningfulness is 29.0, and Cost-Effectiveness is 24.0. The computed z of for Appropriateness is 2.68, Authenticity is 0.53, Meaningfulness is 0.32, and Cost-Effectiveness is 0.84. The computed z value of is lower than the tabulated z value.
As perceived by teachers and school heads of Lopez East District, the computed U-value of for Appropriateness is 22.0, Authenticity is 31.0, Meaningfulness is 30.50, and Cost-Effectiveness is 23.50. The computed z of for Appropriateness is 1.05, Authenticity is 0.11, Meaningfulness is 0.16, and Cost-Effectiveness is 0.89. The computed z value of is lower than the tabulated z value.
5. A policy recommendation was formulated from the findings of the study.
Conclusions
The conclusions were summarized as follows:
1. Both districts identified that the commonly used instructional materials used in teaching is textbooks.
2. School heads and teachers of both districts have the same perception that instructional materials were purchased by teachers.
3. School heads viewed that instructional materials used in multigrade teaching is Much Effective in terms of appropriateness while teachers perceived that the appropriateness of instructional materials is Very Much Effective.
4. There is no significant difference with the perception of school heads and the teachers of Lopez East & West Districts on the level of effectiveness of instructional materials used in multigrade teaching. The null hypothesis is accepted.
5. A policy recommendation was formulated from the findings of the study.
Recommendations
The following were the recommendations of the study:
1. The researcher recommends that school heads may assist teachers in utilizing other forms of instructional materials used in teaching multigrade.
2. The Department of Education could provide or allocate budget for the purchase of the additional instructional materials in teaching multigrade.
3. School heads and teachers can maximize the use of different instructional materials in teaching multigrade effectively.
4. Additional training on the development of instructional materials that will enhance knowledge of teachers and school heads.
5. The developed policy recommendation could be adapted for effective utilization of instructional.